I wish there was a newbie guide on proportional betting in a FAQ or something, but I don't know where one is.
If you're just trying to make money, in a vacuum, you'd want to bet the absolute minimum whenever you don't have an advantage, and then gillions of dollars whenever you have any sort of advantage. The problem is, we're human, and have limited bankrolls. If you bet too much with too small of an edge, you're going to hit a string of bad luck and lose everything.
It's been proven that optimum long-term bankroll growth occurs when you bet in proportion to your bankroll size. The formula is (bankroll)*(your edge)/(variance). Blackjack is a low-variance game, so it's something like bankroll*edge/1.2.
In other words, if you have a 1% advantage at a particular count, you should bet a little less than 1% of your total bankroll. If you have a 2% advantage at a different count, you should bet a little less than 2% of your bankroll.
Even with this scheme, if you pick your bet amount, and stick with it, (for instance, $10k bankroll, $10 bets with a 1% advantage) there is still a significant change of losing it all, around 16%. In fact, if you bet double what the optimum bet is calculated, then your risk of ruin is a guaranteed 100%. (I don't know why this is. Magical math stuff)
This is why people with nonreplenishable bankrolls, usually bet substantially less than "optimum", for risk management.
The quick rule of thumb is to figure out what your bet max bet is given your bankroll, and then work out the details on your min and spread from there.